Research from the University of Michigan provides a new cost analysis tool for utilities that shows while PVC pipe may cost less initially, ductile iron pipe lasts longer, making it more cost effective over the life cycle of the pipe. The life cycle cost assessment (LCCA) tool allows for different pipe sizes, flows and locations, providing a framework for analyzing various operations and actual service life scenarios. Other findings of the study showed that Ductile Iron Pipe has a lower environmental impact. To learn more, read this article from the Ductile Iron Pipe Research Association (DIPRA).